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Section III · Chapter II · Folk Culture

Folk Ceremonies

Folk Ceremonies

Processions, song and dance, and rites of the festive season — the vivid collective expression of many peoples.

01

Dragon and Lion Dance

Drums and gongs sound, dragons and lions dance: evil warded, blessing welcomed, festivity from south to north.

A festival procession custom for warding evil and praying for harvest, widespread across China.

Read the full entry “Dragon and Lion Dance” →
02

Traditional Temple Fairs

Sacrifice, market, street food and stunts in one — the great carnival of the old countryside.

Rites, markets and amusements fused: the scene of public life in rural antiquity.

Read the full entry “Traditional Temple Fairs” →
03

Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage

Tens of thousands walk on foot behind the Mazu palanquin — a pilgrimage of faith spanning the strait.

Born in southern Fujian, carried across the sea to Taiwan: nine days and nights with a million devotees.

Read the full entry “Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage” →
04

Chaoshan Yingge Dance

A forceful collective martial dance, shouted into motion, rooted in ancient battle formations.

A thunderous procession dance descended from ancient armies, the emblematic folk art of Chaoshan.

Read the full entry “Chaoshan Yingge Dance” →
05

Ansai Waist Drum

Drum phalanxes galloping on the loess plateau, drums shaking the sky — the raw power of the northern earth released.

The signature folk drum dance of northern Shaanxi: a collective square revelry, the life cry of the loess plateau.

Read the full entry “Ansai Waist Drum” →
06

Huizhou Fish Lantern Parade

Fish lanterns tour the night; the fish stands for abundance — a moving prayer of light in southern Anhui villages.

Night parades of fish lanterns in Shexian villages, wishing surplus year after year — a signature custom of southern Anhui.

Read the full entry “Huizhou Fish Lantern Parade” →
07

Molten Iron Fireworks

Thousand-degree molten iron flung into the night sky into a sky-full of sparks: the most stunning of folk fireworks.

Striking molten iron into showers of sparks — an ancient, breathtaking ritual of the Yellow River basin.

Read the full entry “Molten Iron Fireworks” →
08

Naadam Festival

The steppe gathering: wrestling and horse racing — the carnival of nomads.

The Mongol steppe festival of horse racing, wrestling and archery — a celebration of blessing for nomadic peoples.

Read the full entry “Naadam Festival” →
09

Torch Festival

Torches lit and carried through hills and fields to drive off evil and pray for harvest — the carnival night of southwest peoples.

The great fire-sacrifice custom of the Yi: torches held high, songs and dances, praying for abundant grain.

Read the full entry “Torch Festival” →
10

Water-Splashing Festival

Clear water splashed to wash off the old year’s dust and welcome the Dai new year.

The Dai new-year bathing-of-the-Buddha custom: water as blessing, welcoming the new year.

Read the full entry “Water-Splashing Festival” →
11

Tibetan Opera

Masked performance on steppe squares — the ancient theater of Tibet.

A world intangible heritage: masked storytelling fusing faith and performance.

Read the full entry “Tibetan Opera” →
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